9 research outputs found
Gratuity of Ethnic Community
Get PDFThis thesis will explain the societal functions of an ethnic community (sirur people). This community comesunder thesirur kings and they have no naming tradition. Muvendars are having the tradition of establishing their name in public but thesesirur’snames have not been found in any literature. They habituated in two different typical places named ooirandsirur. Sirur denotes that a limited population habituated in a place. Sirurpeople do not have much wealth to donate, So they stake their possession objectsto keep their benevolence. It is learned that the sirur people borrowed money to meet their basic food needs. They always have the tradition of sharing whatever they have with others instead of keeping it for them. Further, these traits do not exist in other communities. It shows that the virtue of hospitality belongs to the housessirur people. Sirars goes to the war field as a soldier under the orders of the king and it helps them to earn the sufficient income they need instead of living on the meagre income available in their provenances. Sirur people received sufficient money by working as a soldier and soon they become a superior economy (in marudhanilathur) with high possession as a community. Due to social development, They declared war against the king (vendar) and they are defeated by the king which destroyed the sirur community
Studies on lipase enzyme production by indigenously isolated Bacillus Cereus (BAIT GCT 127002 ) and Bacillus Cereus (BAIT GCT 127001)
Get PDFMicrobial lipases holds a prominent place among biocatalysts that act on carboxylic ester bonds.Ă‚ This present study involves about eight strains isolated form slaughter house waste water,Coimbatore producing lipase.Among those strains , two bacterial strains exhibiting high lipase productionĂ‚ were identified asĂ‚ Bacillus Cereus (BAIT GCT 127002 ) and Bacillus Cereus (BAIT GCT 127001 ) by both biochemical analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing.Ă‚ Initial studies were done for optimizing lipase production using many components such as time course,Carbon sources ,pH and innoculum volume whichĂ‚ revealed maximum lipase acitivity (43.37 U/ml) at 24 hours, usingĂ‚ palm oil , at pH 8 and innoculum volume of 1 ml by Bacillus Cereus (BAIT GCT 127002 ).Further the percentageĂ‚ removal of oil from oil stained fabric was determined using partially purified lipase with or without detergents and the results indicated 20% ,30% removal with use ofĂ‚ crude lipase and commercial detergent respectively.Hence, lipase from Bacillus Cereus(BAIT GCT 127002 ) Ă‚ Ă‚ can be regarded as an ideal ingredient that can be used in the laundry detergents.Ă‚ 
Reaction induced multifunctional TiO2 rod/particle nanostructured materials for screen printed dye sensitized solar cells
No full textThis study investigates the potential of utilizing multifunctional nanostructured materials for the efficient light trapping and electron transport in solar cells by combining titanium dioxide (TiO2) rods and nanoparticles. A simple solvothermal method was adopted for the synthesis of coupled morphology adopting the desired precursor with the constant concentration and temperature. The reaction duration (12, 24, 36 and 48 h) was varied and the materials resultant physical, optical and structural characteristics were elucidated to determine the nature of the prepared material. The crystallographic phase of the synthesized samples was determined with XRD and Raman analysis. From the experimental data it is hypothesized that the surface plane of anatase (105) is involved in the deformation of the structure and the formation of the rutile phase. To further investigate on the formation of mixed phase in the prepared sample a computation study was performed using density functional theory coupled to the Hubbard U correction (DFT + U) as a function of volume in both the anatase and rutile phases. The relative stability of the O–Ti–O networks is explored starting from ultrathin materials for four different sizes, of anatase and rutile nanorods separately. Finally, the synthesized TiO2 materials were used to prepare screen printed dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) devices and their respective properties were quantified
Reaction induced multifunctional TiO2 rod/particle nanostructured materials for screen printed dye sensitized solar cells
No full textThis study investigates the potential of utilizing multifunctional nanostructured materials for the efficient light trapping and electron transport in solar cells by combining titanium dioxide (TiO2) rods and nanoparticles. A simple solvothermal method was adopted for the synthesis of coupled morphology adopting the desired precursor with the constant concentration and temperature. The reaction duration (12, 24, 36 and 48 h) was varied and the materials resultant physical, optical and structural characteristics were elucidated to determine the nature of the prepared material. The crystallographic phase of the synthesized samples was determined with XRD and Raman analysis. From the experimental data it is hypothesized that the surface plane of anatase (105) is involved in the deformation of the structure and the formation of the rutile phase. To further investigate on the formation of mixed phase in the prepared sample a computation study was performed using density functional theory coupled to the Hubbard U correction (DFT + U) as a function of volume in both the anatase and rutile phases. The relative stability of the O–Ti–O networks is explored starting from ultrathin materials for four different sizes, of anatase and rutile nanorods separately. Finally, the synthesized TiO2 materials were used to prepare screen printed dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) devices and their respective properties were quantified
Dual morphology titanium dioxide for dye sensitized solar cells
No full textAnatase TiO2 displaying dual morphologies were synthesized with a simple chemical route via a single step. A strong correlation between the dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) device performance and the obtained dual morphologies are highlighted using relevant evidences from UV–vis and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Raman analysis, field emission scanning electron microscope, high resolution transmission electron microscope, current-voltage characteristics and impedance analysis. Structural investigation revealed that the interested medium in this work employed for the synthesis of TiO2 produced different types of dual morphologies such as nanospheres with nanoparticles (NSNP), microsphere decorated with nanoparticles (μSNP) and nanoparticles with stone like features (NPS). UV–vis and DRS results indicated the ability of the materials to assist with diffused reflectance and optical absorption of the screen printed photoanodes. In addition, an investigation of Raman vibrational characteristics was carried out in detail using synchronous and asynchronous 2D correlation analysis. The high intense Eg anatase mode of Raman spectrum was simulated using a phonon confinement model and its normalized spectra are compared with an experimental data. The resultant performances in the DSSCs were not indicative by the material properties; so, the charge transfer resistance (Rct) and recombination properties of the photoanode were investigated. These results showed that the Nyquist plot of NSNP possesses the smallest diameter, which reveals that the device based on NSNP offers the lowest Rct value that accounts for the higher conversion efficiencies when compared with the DSSC device based on photoanodes μSNP and NSP. It can be concluded that the improved power conversion efficiency shown by photoanode fabricated using NSNP has the dual role of optimum surface area for dye loading and light scattering centres. These properties, when optimized along with the offered pathway for electrolyte diffusion to the dye degenerationwith less Rct, could lead to better photoelectric conversion efficiency.Peer reviewe
Impact of coupled plasmonic effect with multishaped silver nanoparticles on efficiency of dye sensitized solar cells
No full textDye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have numerous advantages, but in order to use widespread industrial deployment we need to boost the power conversion efficiency. One promising approach to improve DSSC performance is to improve the spectral response of sensitizers with metal nanoparticle-based surface plasmon resonance. Even single shaped nanoparticles (NPs), however, have physical limitations. Thus, in this study a simple synthesis route is used to fabricate multishaped silver (Ag) NPs to create a coupled plasmonic effect in DSSC to cover more of the solar spectrum. The impact of multishaped AgNPs combinations are studied to determine which aspects improve the power conversion efficiency of DSSC. A detailed investigation was made of both the TiO2 (XRD) and AgNPs (UV–Vis spectrometry) to couple the impacts on the DSSC (I-V) with the combination of the morphologies (TEM and FESEM) of AgNPs. Synthesized AgNPs with distinct extinction cross section covers the visible and IR regime from 300 nm to 1100 nm by tuning its plasmonics band. It is inferred that multi-shaped AgNPs predominately enhance the light harvesting, charge separation and carrier transportation. The results show that the increment in short circuit current and open circuit voltage resulted in an increase of 45% overall power conversion efficiency in the standard DSSC device is attributed to the usage of multi-shaped AgNPs. Finally, a mechanism is proposed to support the outcome of the experiment by demonstrating the extinction cross section and the local field of the various shaped AgNPs using Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation
Engineering resistance against Tobacco streak virus (TSV) in sunflower and tobacco using RNA interference
No full textThe coat protein (CP) gene of Tobacco streak virus (TSV) from sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) was amplified, cloned and sequenced. A 421 bp fragment of the TSV coat protein gene was amplified and a gene construct encoding the hairpin RNA (hpRNA) of the TSV-CP sequence was made in the plasmid pHANNIBAL. The construct contains sense and antisense CP sequences flanking a 742 bp spacer sequence (Pdk intron) under the control of the constitutive CaMV35S promoter. A 3.6 kb Not I fragment containing the hpRNA cassette (TSV-CP) was isolated from pHANNIBAL and sub-cloned into the binary vector pART27. This chimeric gene construct was then mobilized into Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 via triparental mating using pRK2013 as a helper. Sunflower (cv. Co 4) and tobacco (cv. Petit Havana) plants were transformed with A. tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harbouring the hpRNA cassette and in vitro selection was performed with kanamycin. The integration of the transgene into the genome of the transgenic lines was confirmed by PCR analysis. Infectivity assays with TSV by mechanical sap inoculation demonstrated that both the sunflower and tobacco transgenic lines exhibited resistance to TSV infection and accumulated lower levels of TSV compared with non-transformed controls
