231 research outputs found
The Effect of Motivational Highlight DVDs on State SelfâConfidence in Elite Female Hockey Players
Get PDFRecent technological developments in applied sport
psychology utilising video-taping and playback techniques
to enhance athletic performance have become
increasingly attractive to coaches, athletes, and sport
psychologists (Ives et al., 2002: Journal of Applied
S84 Abstracts
Downloaded By: [Bournemouth University] At: 12:29 15 October 2009
Sport Psychology, 14, 237 â 245). This study aimed to
examine the effectiveness of two types of highlight
peak performance digital versatile discs (DVDs);
peer-modelling and self-modelling, on state selfconfidence
of elite female hockey players. It further
addressed the issue of whether the experience of
watching yourself versus observing peers differentially
affects state self-confidence.
The volunteer participants comprised 15 members
of a female National League hockey squad located in
the South of England (mean age 24.53, sŒ4.94).
DVDs incorporating highlight play were supplemented
with inspirational music and viewed by the
athletes at two stages in the competitive season (midseason
and end of season). At both stages, the
athletes were exposed to a peer modelling, selfmodelling,
and control video during separate testing
sessions. Athletes completed the State Sport-
Confidence Inventory (Vealey, 1986: Journal of Sport
Psychology, 8, 221 â 246) prior to and after viewing
the highlight DVDs. The data were subjected to two
362 RM ANOVAs to determine if the self-modelling,
peer-modelling, and control DVDs affected
state self-confidence. An RM ANOVA was performed
on data collected at the two stages of the
competitive season. To determine the nature of
change in state self-confidence in relation to type of
DVD watched follow-up univariate ANOVAs were
carried out on the dataset. Semi-structured interviews
were also conducted to explore participantsâ
perceptions of how the intervention affected their
cognition, affect, and behaviour. Interviews were
transcribed ad verbatim and analysed using inductive
content analysis.
Findings support and further encourage the use
of motivational highlight DVDs in sport. Both the
self-modelling and peer-modelling DVDs had a
significant (P50.01) effect on state self-confidence
at both stages in the competitive season. No
differences were found between the effects of the
self-modelling and peer-modelling DVDs during
the mid season testing phase. At the end of season
testing phase, the self modelling DVD proved to be
superior in enhancing state self-confidence. This
finding was supported through the results of the
qualitative analysis. The results of this study provide
empirical support for the use of motivational highlight
DVDs as a pre-performance strategy in athletic
situations
The contribution of coping related variables and cardiac vagal activity on working memory performance under pressure
Get PDFThe contribution of coping related variables and cardiac vagal activity on the performance of a dart throwing task under pressure.
Get PDFThe aims of this study were 1) to assess the predictive role of coping related variables (CRV) on cardiac vagal activity (derived from heart rate variability), and 2) to investigate the influence of CRV (including cardiac vagal activity) on a dart throwing task under low pressure (LP) and high pressure (HP) conditions. Participants (n=51) completed trait CRV questionnaires: Decision Specific Reinvestment Scale, Movement Specific Reinvestment Scale and Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire. They competed in a dart throwing task under LP and HP conditions. Cardiac vagal activity measurements were taken at resting, task and during recovery for 5min. Self-reported ratings of stress were recorded at three time points via a visual analogue scale. Upon completion of the task, self-report measures of motivation, stress appraisal, attention, perceived pressure and dart throwing experience were completed. Results indicated that resting cardiac vagal activity had no predictors. Task cardiac vagal activity was predicted by resting cardiac vagal activity in both pressure conditions with the addition of a trait CRV in HP. Post task cardiac vagal activity was predicted by resting cardiac vagal activity in both conditions with the addition of a trait CRV in HP. Cardiac vagal reactivity (difference from resting to task) was predicted by a trait CRV in HP conditions. Cardiac vagal recovery (difference from task to post task) was predicted by a state CRV only in LP. Dart throwing task performance was predicted by a combination of both CRV and cardiac vagal activity. The current research suggests that coping related variables and cardiac vagal activity influence dart throwing task performance differently dependent on pressure condition
Review: Natalie Abrahami and Ann Yee (dirs.), Rusalka (Royal Opera House, London), 21 February â 7 March 2023
Get PDFSpatially Resolved Observations of the Bipolar Optical Outflow from the Brown Dwarf 2MASSJ12073347-3932540
Get PDFStudies of brown dwarf (BD) outflows provide information pertinent to
questions on BD formation, as well as allowing outflow mechanisms to be
investigated at the lowest masses. Here new observations of the bipolar outflow
from the 24 M BD, 2MASSJ12073347-3932540 are presented. The outflow was
originally identified through the spectro-astrometric analysis of the
[OI]6300 emission line. Follow-up observations consisting of spectra
and [SII], R-band and I-band images were obtained. The new spectra confirm the
original results and are used to constrain the outflow PA at
65. The [OI]6300 emission line region is spatially resolved
and the outflow is detected in the [SII] images. The detection is firstly in
the form of an elongation of the point spread function along the direction of
the outflow PA. Four faint knot-like features (labelled {\it A-D}) are also
observed to the south-west of 2MASSJ12073347-3932540 along the same PA
suggested by the spectra and the elongation in the PSF. Interestingly, {\it D},
the feature furthest from the source is bow-shaped with the apex pointing away
from 2MASSJ12073347-3932540. A color-color analysis allows us to conclude that
at least feature {\it D} is part of the outflow under investigation while {\it
A} is likely a star or galaxy. Follow-up observations are needed to confirm the
origin of {\it B} and {\it C}. This is a first for a BD, as BD optical outflows
have to date only been detected using spectro-astrometry. This result also
demonstrates for the first time that BD outflows can be collimated and
episodic.Comment: Accepted by ApJ, ref ApJ89096R
Twitter, Team GB and the Australian Olympic Team: representations of gender in social media spaces.
Get PDFTwitter is used by athletes, sporting teams and sports media to provide updates on the results of sporting events as they happen. Unlike traditional forms of sports media, online sports media offers the potential for diverse representations of athletes. The current study examined gender in social media coverage of the 2016 Olympic Games using a third wave feminist lens. The analysis focused on the Twitter pages of âTeam GBâ and the âAustralian Olympic teamâ and the sports stories and images posted during the Rio Olympic Games. Despite a number of traditional differences in the ways that male and females were represented being present, such as the presence of âactiveâ images of male athletes accompanying sports stories and the presence of infantalization in the language used to represent female performers, this analysis demonstrated significant strides forward in terms of the quantity of coverage received by women in online spaces. It further highlights virtual platforms as dynamic spaces for the representation of women athletes
The medicinal properties of Irish honey
Get PDFManuka honey is an internationally recognized honey licensed as a medicinal product for wounds1
. Medicinal honeys
are often used in hospitals for partial thickness burns2
to surgical wounds and in veterinary clinics for surgical and
traumatic wounds3
. Outside of the osmotic action and acidic environment of any honey a number of other
components contribute to their medicinal properties. These components vary depending on the floral origin of the
honey4
. A preliminary sign that a honey is medicinally active is the total phenolic content (TPC) which correlates with
the honeys potential antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Many honeys have exhibited immunomodulatory effects
where stimulation or inhibition of pro-inflammatory components (TNF-α , IL-1ÎČ , NF-ÎșB, and IL-6) as well as antiinflammatory components (IL-10, TGF- ÎČ, and VEGF) is observed after exposure. Because of their
immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties honeys can be used for chronic wounds arrested in the inflammatory
phase due to high reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, poor circulation (diabetes), and infections5
A Path analysis of adolescent athletes' perceived stress reactivity, competition appraisals, emotions, coping, and performance satisfaction
Get PDFThis study examined a path analysis of adolescent athletes' individual differences in perceived stress reactivity, competition appraisals, emotions, coping, and performance satisfaction. The study aimed to extend an analysis by Nicholls et al. (2012) and further validate the use of the Perceived Stress Reactivity Scale for Adolescent Athletes (PSRS-AA). Adolescent athletes ( = 229, age = 18.55, = 2.40) completed the PSRS-AA followed by a measure of competition appraisals less than 1 h before a competitive event. Within an hour after the competitive event, participants completed a retrospective assessment of emotions, coping strategies, and subjective performance. A path analysis revealed that perceived stress reactivity had direct and indirect effects on the appraisal of higher stressor intensity, lower perceived control, higher perceived threat, negative emotions, and maladaptive coping. Increased threat, positive and negative emotions, and maladaptive coping were associated with performance satisfaction. However, task-orientated coping was not associated with performance satisfaction. The present study enhances and refines the validity of the PSRS-AA for assessing adolescent athletes' perceived stress reactivity. Further strengths and weaknesses of the present study are discussed, along with recommendations for practitioners aiming to support adolescent athletes with high levels of stress reactivity
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